West Nile virus update 2006 - Western Hemisphere (11)

International Society for Infectious Diseases
<http://www.isid.org>

In this update:
Canada
[1] Human surveillance
[2] Bird surveillance

United States
[3] CDC/Arbonet
[4] USGS/CDC Maps


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Canada
[1] Human surveillance
Source: West Nile Virus Monitor, Public Health Agency of Canada [edited]
< http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/wnv-vwn/mon-hmnsurv_e.html>


Human cases were reported for week 36 (as of 9 Sep 2006) from the
following provinces:

Province / Neurological / Non-Neurological / Unclassified;
Unspecified / Total* / Asymptomatic**

Alberta / 0 / 3 / 0 / 3 / 0
Ontario / 1 / 4 / 4 / 4 / 10
Manitoba / 11 / 17 / 19 / 47 / 1
Saskatchewan / 1 / 4 / 1 / 6 / 0
TOTALS  / 13/ 47 / 24 / 84 / 1

* Neurological syndrome + Non-Neurological syndrome + Asymptomatic Infections
** Most identified through blood donor testing.


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[2] Bird surveillance
Source: Canadian Cooperative Wildlife Health Centre [edited]
<http://wildlife1.usask.ca/en/west_nile_virus/current_maps/canada06en.jpg >


Of the 7 provinces testing dead wild birds for West Nile virus as of
20 Sep 2006, week 36, those having positives / numbers tested include:

Alberta 12 / 98
Ontario 252 / 1215
Saskatchewan 3 / 117

The positive birds / total tested include:
American crow 199 / 1764
Black-billed magpie 0/46
Blue jay 25 / 227
Common raven 1 / 135
Other 0/8


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United States
[3] CDC/Arbonet
Source: USA CDC, Division of Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases, West
Nile Virus [edited]
<http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvbid/westnile/surv&controlCaseCount06_detailed.htm >



Human Cases have been reported from:

State / Neuroinvasion* / *West Nile* fever** / Other*** / Total **** /
Fatalities

Alabama / 4 / 0 / 0 / 4 / 0
Arizona / 10 / 10 / 5 / 25 / 0
Arkansas / 12 / 4 / 0 / 16 / 0
California / 250 / 137 / 10 / 197 / 2
Colorado / 40 / 159 / 0 / 199 / 1
Connecticut / 6 / 2 / 0 / 8 / 1
District of Columbia / 0 / 1 / 0 / 1 /  0
Florida / 3 / 0 / 0 / 3/ /0
Georgia / 2 / 2 / 1 / 5 / 1
Idaho / 90 / 305 / 6 / 401 / 9
Illinois / 79 / 39 / 17 / 135 / 6
Indiana / 5 / 3 / 4 / 12 / 0
Iowa / 12 / 8 / 0 / 20 / 0
Kansas / 14 / 10 / 0 / 24 / 3
Kentucky / 2 / 0 / 0 / 2 / 1
Louisiana / 38 / 26 / 0 / 64 / 0
Maryland / 0 / 0 / 1 / 1 / 0
Michigan / 15 / 0 / 8 / 23 / 2
Minnesota / 24 / 30 / 0 / 54 / 3
Mississippi / 52 / 55 / 0 / 107 / 4
Missouri / 23 / 7 / 1 / 31 / 2
Montana / 3 / 7 / 0 / 10 / 0
Nebraska / 23 / 52 / 0 / 75 / 1
Nevada / 32 / 65 / 9 / 106 / 1
New Jersey / 2 / 1 / 1 / 4 / 0
New Mexico / 1 / 2 / 0 / 3 / 0
New York / 7 / 3 / 1 / 11 / 1
North Dakota / 13 / 88 / 0 / 101 / 1
Ohio / 14 / 4 / 0 / 18 / 1
Oklahoma / 17 / 8 / 1 / 26 / 5
Oregon / 2 / 19 / 1 / 22 / 0
Pennsylvania / 7 / 1 / 0 / 8 / 2
South Dakota / 32 / 65 / 0 / 97 / 1
Tennessee / 5 / 1 / 0 / 6 / 1
Texas / 135 / 45 / 0 / 180 / 19
Utah / 39 / 66 / 0 / 105 / 4
Virginia / 0 / 0 / 2/ / 2 / 0
West Virginia / 1 / 0 / 0 / 1 / 0
Wisconsin / 5 / 7 / 0 / 10 / 0
Wyoming / 10 / 21 / 20 / 51 / 1
TOTALS   / 829 / 1254 / 88 / 2171 / 74

* Cases with neurologic manifestations (such as WN encephalitis,
meningitis* and myelitis)
** Cases with no evidence of neuroinvasion.
*** Cases for which insufficient clinical information was provided.
**** Total number of human cases of WNV illness reported to ArboNET
by state and local health departments.

Neuroinvasive Disease refers to severe disease cases, particularly
West Nile meningitis and West Nile encephalitis.

West Nile fever refers to typically less severe cases that show no
evidence of neuroinvasion. West Nile fever is not currently on the
list of nationally notifiable diseases, and therefore it is optional
whether or not state health departments report these cases to CDC.
Click the above CDC site [URL above] for further explanations of
neuroinvasive West Nile virus disease and West Nile fever.

Other Clinical includes persons with clinical manifestations other
than WN fever, WN encephalitis or WN meningitis, such as acute
flaccid paralysis. Unspecified cases are those for which sufficient
clinical information was not provided.

Total Human Cases Reported to CDC: These numbers reflect both mild
and severe human disease cases occurring since 1 Jan 2006 that have
been reported to ArboNet by state and local health departments.

ArboNet is the national, electronic surveillance system established
by CDC to assist states in tracking West Nile virus and other
mosquito-borne viruses. Information regarding 2006 virus/disease
activity is posted when such cases are reported to CDC.

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[3] USGS/CDC Maps
Sources: USA CDC, Division of Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases, West
Nile Virus [edited]
<http://diseasemaps.usgs.gov/wnv/wnv_us_human.html >


2006 West Nile virus activity in the United States (through 19 Sep 2006)
-----------------------------------------------
Data are being collected from state and local health departments on a
weekly basis and are reported to the CDC ArboNET for the following 5
categories: wild birds, sentinel chicken flocks, human cases,
veterinary cases, and mosquito surveillance. Maps detailing
county-level wild birds, sentinel chicken flocks, human cases,
veterinary cases, and mosquito surveillance data are published each
week on the collaborative USGS/CDC West Nile virus  website:

As of 19 Sep 2006, human, avian, animal or mosquito WNV infections
have been reported to CDC ArboNET from the following states: Alabama,
Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware,
District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana,
Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts,
Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska,
Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North
Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode
Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah,
Vermont, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin, and Wyoming.

WN virus antibody-positive sentinel animals (birds and/or horses)
have been found in Arizona, Arkansas, California, Florida, Iowa,
Montana, North Carolina, North Dakota, Pennsylvania, and Utah.

WN equine infections have been reported from Alabama, Arizona,
Arkansas, California, Colorado, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa,
Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi,
Missouri, Nevada, New Jersey,  New Mexico,New York, North Dakota,
Oklahoma, Oregon, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Washington, Wisconsin and Wyoming.

WN virus has been detected in dead wild birds in Alabama, Arkansas,
California, Colorado, Delaware, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana,
Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Maine,  Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan,
Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New
Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Dakota, Ohio,
Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, South Dakota, Texas,
Utah, Vermont, West Virginia, Wisconsin, and Wyoming.

WN virus has been detected in mosquito pools collected in Arizona,
Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, District of Columbia,
Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Maryland,
Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Nebraska,
Nevada, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Dakota, Ohio,
Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South
Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, West Virginia, Wisconsin,
and Wyoming.